SURAH NO. 114 -
AN-NAAS
Mufassir: Maulana Syed
Abul A'la Maududi
Taaruf:
Surah No. 114 - An-Naas
Naam
Qur'an Majeed ki aakhri do suratein, Surah An-Naas aur Surah Al-Falaq ko
mushtarka tor par Mu'awwidhatayn
kaha jata hai. Agarche Qur'an Majeed ki yeh aakhri do suratein apne aap mein
alag alag hain, aur mus'haf mein alag naamon se likhi gayi hain, lekin inke
darmiyan baaham itna gehra talluq hai, aur inke mazameen ek dosray se itni
qareebi munasibat rakhte hain ke inka ek mushtarka naam Mu'awwidhatayn
(panah mangne wali do suratein) rakha gaya hai. Imam Bayhaqi ne Dala’il
an-Nubuwwah mein likha hai ke yeh nazil bhi ek saath hi hui hain,
isi wajah se dono ka majmu'i naam Mu'awwidhatayn hai. Hum yahan dono par ek hi
mazmoon likh rahe hain kyun ke inse mutalliq masail o mabahis bilkul yaksa
hain.
Zamana-e-Nuzool
Hazrat Hasan Basri, Ikrimah, 'Ata, aur Jabir bin Zaid kehte hain ke yeh
suratein Makki hain. Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas (RA) se bhi ek riwayat yahi hai.
Magar unse doosri riwayat yeh hai ke yeh Madni hain aur yahi qoul Hazrat
Abdullah bin Zubair (RA) aur Qatadah ka bhi hai. Is doosray qoul ko jo riwayat
taqat pahunchati hain unmein se ek Muslim, Tirmidhi, Nasa'i aur Musnad Imam
Ahmad bin Hanbal mein Hazrat 'Uqbah bin 'Amir (RA) ki yeh hadees hai ke
Rasoolullah ﷺ ne ek roz mujhse farmaya:
"Alam
tara ayatin unzilat al-laylah, lam yura mithluhunna, A'udhu bi-rabbil-falaq,
A'udhu bi-rabbin-naas. Tumhein kuch pata hai ke aaj raat mujh par kaisi ayaat
nazil hui hain? Yeh bemithal ayaat hain. A'udhu bi-rabbil-falaq aur A'udhu
bi-rabbin-naas."
Yeh hadees is buniyad par in suraton ke Madni honay ki daleel hai ke Hazrat
'Uqbah bin 'Amir (RA) hijrat ke baad Madina Tayyiba mein imaan laye the, jaisa
ke Abu Dawood aur Nasa'i ne khud unke apne bayan se naql kiya hai. Doosri
riwayat jo is qoul ko taqat deti hain wo Ibn Sa'd, Muhiyyus-Sunnah Baghawee,
Imam Nasafi, Imam Bayhaqi, Hafiz Ibn Hajar, Hafiz Badruddin 'Ayni, 'Abdu bin
Hameed waghera ki naql karda riwayat hain ke jab Madine mein Yahood ne
Rasoolullah ﷺ par jadoo kiya tha aur iske asar se Huzoor
ﷺ bemar hogaye the, us waqt yeh suratein
nazil hui theen. Ibn Sa'd ne Waqidi ke hawala se bayan kiya hai ke yeh 7 Hijri
ka waqia hai. Isi buniyad par Sufyan bin 'Uyainah ne bhi in suraton ko Madni
kaha hai.
Lekin jaisa
ke Surah Al-Ikhlas ke mazmoon mein bayan ho chuka hai ke kisi surah ya ayat ke
mutalliq jab yeh kaha jata hai ke wo falan moqa par nazil hui thi, to iska
matlab laaziman yahi nahi hota ke wo pehli martaba usi moqa par nazil hui thi,
balki baaz auqaat aisa hota hai ke ek surah ya ayat pehle nazil ho chuki hoti
hai, aur phir koi khaas waqia ya surat-e-haal paish anay par Allah Ta'ala ki
taraf se usi ki taraf dobara, balki kabhi kabhi baar baar Huzoor ﷺ ko tawajjo dilai jati thi. Hamare nazdeek
aisa hi maamla Mu'awwidhatayn ka bhi hai. Inka mazmoon saaf bata raha hai ke
yeh ibtida'an Makkah mein us waqt nazil hui hongi jab wahan Huzoor ﷺ ki mukhalifat zor pakar chuki thi. Baad
mein jab Madina Tayyiba mein munafiqeen, yahood, aur mushrikeen ki mukhalifat
ke toofan uthe to Huzoor ﷺ ko phir inhi dono
suraton ke parhne ki talqeen ki gayi jaisa ke Hazrat 'Uqbah bin 'Amir (RA) ki
manzoor-e-bala riwayat mein zikar aaya hai. Iske baad jab aap ﷺ par jadoo kiya gaya aur aap ki
'illat-e-mizaaj ne shiddat ikhtiyar ki to Allah ke hukum se Jibraeel (AS) ne
aakar phir yeh suratein parhne ki aap ko hidayat ki. Is liye hamare nazdeek in
mufassireen ka bayan hi zyada mo'tabar hai jo in dono suraton ko Makki qarar
dete hain. Jadoo ke maamlay ke saath inko makhsoos samajhne mein to yeh 'amar
bhi mani' hai ke iske saath sirf Surah Falaq ki sirf ek ayat "Wa min
sharri an-naffathati fi-l 'uqad" hi talluq rakhti hai, Surah Falaq ki
baaqi ayaat aur poori Surah An-Naas ka is maamlay se barah-e-raast koi talluq
nahi hai.
Mauzu aur Mazmoon
Makkah Mu'azzamah mein yeh dono suratein jin halaat mein nazil hui theen, wo
yeh the ke Islam ki dawat shuru hote hi aisa mehsoos hone laga tha ke Rasool
Allah ﷺ ne goya bharon ke chatte mein
haath daal diya hai. Joon joon aap ki dawat phailti gayi, kuffar-e-Quraish ki
mukhalifat bhi shadeed hoti chali gayi. Jab tak unhein yeh umeed rahi ke shayad
wo kisi tarah ki sauday bazi karke, ya behla fusla kar aap ﷺ ko is kaam se baaz rakh sakenge,
us waqt tak to phir bhi un ke ird gird ke husad mein kuch kami rahi. Lekin jab
Huzoor ﷺ ne unhein is taraf se bilkul
mayoos kar diya ke aap ﷺ unke saath deen ke maamle mein koi maslihat karne par aamda
nahi ho sakege, aur Surah Al-Kafiroon mein saaf saaf unse keh diya gaya ke jin
ki bandagi tum karte ho, un ki bandagi karne wala main nahi hoon, aur jis ki
bandagi main karta hoon, us ki bandagi tum nahi karte ho, is liye mera raasta
alag hai aur tumhara raasta alag, to kuffar ki dushmani apne urooj par pohnch
gayi. Khususiyat ke saath jin khandanon ke afrad (mardon ya aurton, ladkon ya
ladkiyon) ne Islam qabool kar liya tha, un ke dilon mein to Huzoor ﷺ ke khilaf har waqt bhatiyaan
sulagti rehti theen. Ghar ghar aap ﷺ ko kosa ja raha tha. Khufiya mashware kiye ja rahe the ke kisi
waqt raat ko chhup kar aap ﷺ ko qatal kar diya jaye taake Banu Hashim ko qatil ka pata na
chal sake aur badla na le sakein. Aap ﷺ ke khilaf jadoo tone kiye ja rahe the taake aap ﷺ ya to wafat paa jayein ya sakht
bemaar par jayein, ya deewane ho jayein. Shayateen jin wa ins har taraf phel
gaye the taake awaam ke dilon mein aap ke khilaf aur aap ke laaye huye deen aur
Qur'an ke khilaf koi na koi waswasa daal dein jisse log badgumaan ho kar aap ﷺ se door bhaagne lagain. Bohat se
logon ke dilon mein hasad ki aag bhi jal rahi thi, kyun ke wo apne siwa, ya
apne qabile ke kisi aadmi ke siwa, doosre kisi shakhs ka charagh jalte na dekh
sakte the. Misaal ke tor par, Abu Jahl jis buniyad par Rasool Allah ﷺ ki mukhalifat mein had se badhta
chala jata tha, uski wajah wo khud yeh bayan karta hai ke:
"Hamara aur Bani Abd-e-Manaf (yaani Rasool Allah ke khandan) ka baaham
muqabla tha. Unhoon ne khanay khilaye to hum ne bhi khilaye. Unhoon ne logon ko
sawariyan deen to hum ne bhi deen. Unhoon ne 'atiye diye to hum ne bhi diye.
Yahaan tak ke wo aur hum jab izzat o sharaf mein barabar ki takkar ho gaye to
ab wo kehte hain ke hum mein ek Nabi hai jis par asman se wahi utarti hai.
Bhala is maidan mein hum kaise unka muqabla kar sakte hain? Khuda ki qasam hum
hargiz is ko na maanenge aur na is ki tasdeeq karenge."
In halaat mein Rasool Allah ﷺ se farmaya gaya ke in logon se
keh do ke main panah maangta hoon taloo-e-subah ke Rabb ki, tamam makhluqat ke
shar se, raat ke andhere aur jadoo giron aur jadoo girniyon ke shar se, aur
hasidon ke shar se. Aur in se keh do ke main panah maangta hoon insano ke Rabb,
insano ke badshah aur insano ke ma'bood ki har us waswasa andaaz ke shar se jo
baar baar palat kar aata hai aur logon ke dilon mein waswase daalta hai, khwah
wo shayateen jin mein se ho ya shayateen ins mein se. Yeh usi tarah ki baat hai
jaisi Hazrat Musa (AS) ne us waqt farmayi thi jab Firaun ne bhare darbar mein
unke qatal ka iraada zahir kiya tha:
"Inni 'uztu bi-rabbi wa rabbikum min kulli mutakabbir laa yu'minu
bi-yawm il-hisab"
("Maine apne aur tumhare Rabb ki panah le li hai har us mutakabbir ke
muqable mein jo roz-e-hisab par imaan nahi rakhta." Qur'an Surah
Al-Mu'min: 27)
Aur:
"Wa inni 'uztu bi-rabbi wa rabbikum an tarjumooni"
("Aur maine apne aur tumhare Rabb ki panah le li hai is baat se ke tum
mujh par hamla aawar ho." Qur'an Surah Ad-Dukhan: 20)
Dono moqa par Allah ke in jaleel ul-qadr
paighambaron ka muqabla bari be-sar o samaani ki haalat mein baraa sar o samaan
aur wasail o zara’i aur quwwat o shaukat rakhne walon se tha. Dono moqa par wo
taqatwar dushmanon ke aage apni dawat-e-haq par dat gaye jabke unke paas koi
maadi taqat aisi na thi jiske bal par wo unka muqabla kar sakte. Aur dono moqa
par unhone dushmanon ki dhamkion aur khatarnaak tadbiron aur mu'aandana chaalon
ko yeh keh kar nazar-andaz kar diya ke "Tumhare muqable mein humne
Rabb-e-Kainaat ki panah le li hai." Zahir hai ke yeh 'azmat aur
sabat-e-qadam wahi shakhs dikha sakta hai jise yeh yaqeen ho ke is Rabb ki taqat
sab se bari taqat hai, iske muqable mein duniya ki sari taqatain heech hain,
aur iski panah jise haasil ho uska koi kuch nahi bigar sakta. Wahi yeh keh
sakta hai ke "Main kalima-e-haq ke ilan se hargiz nahi hatoonga, tum jo
chaaho karlo, mujhe iski koi parwah nahi, kyun ke main tumhare aur apne aur
sari kainat ke Rabb ki panah le chuka hoon."
Mu'awwidhatayn
ki Qur'aniyat
In do suraton ke mauzu aur mazmoon ko samajhne ke liye itni behas hi kaafi hai
jo upar ki ja chuki hai. Lekin chunanche hadees o tafseer ki kitabon mein inke
mutalliq teen aise mabahis aa gaye hain jo dilo mein shubhaat paida kar sakte
hain, is liye hum unko bhi saaf kar dena zaroori samajhte hain.
In mein se awwaleen qaabil-e-tawajju masla yeh hai ke aaya in dono suraton ka
Qur'ani suratein hona qatee tor par sabit hai, ya ismein kisi shak ki gunjaish
hai? Yeh sawal is liye paida hua ke Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood (RA) jaise azeem
al-martaba sahabi se mutadid riwayaton mein yeh baat manqool hui hai ke woh in
dono sooron ko Qur'an ki sooratein nahi maante the aur apne mushaf se unko
saaqit kar diya tha. Imam Ahmad, Bazzar, Tabrani, Ibn Mardawayh, Abu Ya'la,
Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Hanbal, Humaydi, Abu Naeem, Ibn Hibban, waghera
muhadditheen ne mukhtalif sanadun se aur aksar o beshtar sahih sanadun se yeh
baat Hazrat Ibn Masood (RA) se naql ki hai. In riwayaat mein na sirf yeh kaha
gaya hai ke woh in sooron ko mushaf se saaqit kar dete the, balke yeh bhi bayan
kiya gaya hai ke woh kehte the "Qur'an ke saath woh cheezen na milao jo Qur'an
ka juz nahi hain. Yeh dono Qur'an mein shaamil nahi hain. Yeh to ek hukm tha jo
Nabi ﷺ ko diya gaya tha ke aap in alfaaz mein
Khuda ki panaah maangein." Baaz riwayaat mein is par yeh izafa bhi hai ke
woh in sooron ko namaz mein nahi parhte the.
In riwayaat ki buniyad par mukhalifeen-e-Islam ko
Qur'an ke baare mein yeh shubhaat ubhaarne ka mauqa mil gaya ke ma'azallah yeh
kitaab tahreef se mehfooz nahi hai balke is mein jab do sooratein Ibn Masood
(RA) jaise sahabi ke bayan ke mutabiq ilhaqi hain to na maloom aur kya kya hazf
o izafay is ke andar hue honge. Is ta'an se peechha chhudwane ke liye Qazi Abu
Bakr al-Baqilani aur Qazi Iyaaz waghera ne yeh ta'weel ki ke Ibn Masood (RA)
Mu'awwizatain ki Qur'aniyat ke munkir na the balke sirf inko mushaf mein darj karne
se inkaar karte the, kyun ke unke nazdeek mushaf mein sirf wohi cheez darj ki
jani chahiye thi jis ke sabt karne ki Rasool Allah ﷺ ne ijaazat di ho, aur Ibn Masood
(RA) tak yeh ittila na pohnchi thi ke Huzoor ﷺ ne is ki ijaazat di hai. Lekin yeh ta'weel durust nahi hai,
kyun ke sahih sanadun ke saath yeh baat sabit hai ke Ibn Masood ne inke Qur'ani
sooratein hone ka inkaar kiya hai. Kuch dusre buzurgon, maslan Imam Nawawi,
Imam Ibn Hazm aur Imam Fakhruddin Razi ne saray se is baat hi ko jhoot aur
baatil qarar diya hai ke Ibn Masood (RA) ne aisi koi baat nahi kahi hai. Magar
mustanad tareekhi haqaiq ko bila sanad rad kar dena koi ilmi tareeqa nahi hai.
Ab sawal yeh hai ke Ibn Masood ki in riwayaat se
Qur'an par jo ta'an waarid hota hai uska sahih rad kya hai? Is sawal ke kayi
jawaab hain jin ko hum silsila war darj karte hain.
(1) Hafiz Bazzar ne apni musnad mein Ibn Masood ki
yeh riwayat naql karne ke baad likha hai ke apni is rai mein wo bilkul munfarid
hain. Sahaba mein se kisi ne bhi unke is qoul ki ta'yeed nahi ki hai.
(2) Tamam sahaba ke ittifaq se Khalifa Salis Syedna
Usman (RA) ne Quran Majeed ke jo nuskhay murattab karvaye the aur
Khilafat-e-Islamiya ki taraf se jin ko duniya-e-Islam ke markazon mein sarkari
taur par bheja tha, unmein yeh dono suratein darj thi.
(3) Rasool Allah ﷺ ke ahd-e-mubarak se aaj tak tamam duniya-e-Islam ka jis mus'haf
par ijma' hai, usmein yeh dono suratein darj hain. Tanha Abdullah bin Masood ki
rai, unki jalalat-e-qadr ke bawajood, is azeem ijma' ke muqable mein koi wazan nahi
rakhti.
(4) Rasool Allah ﷺ se nihayat sahih wa mu'tabar ahadith ke mutabiq yeh sabit hai
ke aap ﷺ ne in suraton ko namaz mein khud
parha hai, doosron ko parhne ki hidayat farma'i hai aur Quran ki suraton ki
haisiyat se logon ko inki taleem di hai. Misaal ke taur par zail ki ahadith
malahoza hoon:
Muslim, Ahmad, Tirmizi, aur Nasai ke hawala se
Hazrat Uqbah (RA) bin Aamir ki yeh riwayat hum upar naql kar chuke hain ke
Huzoor ﷺ ne Surat Falaq aur Surat Naas ke
mutaliq unse yeh farmaya ke aaj raat yeh ayatain mujh par nazil hui hain. Nasai
ki aik riwayat Uqbah bin Aamir se yeh hai ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ne yeh dono suratein subah ki
namaz mein parhi. Ibn Hibban ne unhi Hazrat Uqbah se riwayat naql ki hai ke
Huzoor ﷺ ne unse farmaya "Agar
mumkin ho to tumhari namazon se in dono suraton ki qira'at chhootne na
paye."
Saeed bin Mansoor ne Hazrat Muaz bin Jabal se
riwayat naql ki hai ke Huzoor ﷺ ne subah ki namaz mein yeh dono suratein parhi. Imam Ahmad ne
apni musnad mein sahih sanad ke sath ek aur sahabi ki yeh riwayat laayi hai ke
Huzoor ﷺ ne unse farmaya jab tum namaz
parho to ismein yeh dono suratein parho.
Masnad Ahmad, Abu Dawood aur Nasai mein Uqbah bin
Aamir ki yeh riwayat aayi hai ke Huzoor ﷺ ne unse farmaya "Kya mein tumhe do aisi suratein na
sikhaon jo un behtareen suraton mein se hain jinhe log parhte hain?"
Unhone arz kiya zaroor ya Rasool Allah. Is par Huzoor ﷺ ne unko yahi Ma'oozatain sikhai.
Phir namaz khari hui to Huzoor ﷺ ne yeh dono suratein ismein bhi parhi. Aur namaz ke baad palat
kar jab aap unke paas se guzre to farmaya "Aey Uqba, kaisa paya
tumne?" Aur us ke baad unko hidayat farma'i ke jab tum sone lago aur jab
so kar uthho to in suraton ko parho.
Masnad Ahmad, Abu Dawood, Tirmizi aur Nasai mein
Uqbah bin Aamir ki ek riwayat yeh hai ke Huzoor ﷺ ne unko har namaz ke baad
Mu'awwazat (yani Qul Huwallahu Ahad aur Ma'oozatain) parhne ki talqeen ki.
Nasai, Ibn Marudwayh aur Hakim ne Uqbah bin Aamir ki yeh riwayat bhi naql ki
hai ke ek martaba Huzoor ﷺ sawari par chale ja rahe the aur aap ke qadam mubarak par haath
rakhe hue sath sath chal raha tha. Maine arz kiya mujhe Surat Hood ya Surat
Yusuf sikhaiye. Farmaya "Allah ke nazdeek bande ke liye Qul A'oozu
Bi-Rabbil-Falaq se zyada naafi koi cheez nahi hai."
Abdullah bin Aabis al-Juhni ki riwayat Nasai,
Baihaqi, Bagawi aur Ibn Saad ne naql ki hai ke Huzoor ﷺ ne mujhse farmaya "Ibn
Aabis, kya mein tumhe na bataoon ke panah maangne walon ne jitni cheezon ke
zariye Allah ki panah maangi hai unmein sabse afzal kaunsi cheezen hain?"
Maine arz kiya zaroor ya Rasool Allah. Farmaya "Qul A'oozu Bi-Rabbil-Falaq
aur Qul A'oozu Bi-Rabbil-Naas yeh dono suratein."
Ibn Marudwayh ne Hazrat Umm Salama ki riwayat naql
ki hai ke Allah ko jo suratein sabse zyada pasand hain wo Qul A'oozu
Bi-Rabbil-Falaq aur Qul A'oozu Bi-Rabbil-Naas hain.
Yahan yeh sawal paida hota hai ke Hazrat Abdullah
bin Masood (RA) ko yeh ghalat fehmi aakhir kaise laahaq hui ke yeh dono Quran
Majeed ki suratein nahi hain? Iska jawab humein do riwayaton ko jama kar ke
dekhne se milta hai.
Ek yeh riwayat ke Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood kehte
the ke yeh to ek hukm tha jo Rasool Allah ﷺ ko diya gaya tha ke aap is tarah ta'awwuz kiya karein. Dusri wo
riwayat jo kayi mukhtalif sanadon se Imam Bukhari ne Sahih Bukhari mein,
Imam Ahmad ne apni musnad mein, Abu Nu'aim ne apni Al-Mustakhraj mein
aur Nasai ne apni Sunan mein Zir bin Hubaysh ke hawale se thode thode
lafzi ikhtilaf ke sath Hazrat Ubay bin Ka'b se naql ki hai, jo ilm-e-Quran ke
lihaz se sahaba kiram mein ek mumtaz maqam rakhte the.
Zir bin Hubaysh ka bayan hai ke maine Hazrat Ubay
ke bhai se kaha ke aapke bhai Abdullah bin Masood aisa aur aisa kehte hain. Aap
inke is qoul ke mutaliq kya kehte hain? Unhone jawab diya ke "Maine Rasool
Allah ﷺ se is ke bare mein sawal kiya
tha. Huzoor ﷺ ne farmaya ke mujhse kaha gaya
'Qul,' to maine bhi kaha 'Qul.' Is liye hum bhi isi tarah kehte the jis tarah
Huzoor ﷺ kehte the."
Imam Ahmad ki riwayat mein Hazrat Ubay ke alfaaz
yeh hain: "Main shahadat deta hoon ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ne mujhe bataya ke Jabrail
(A.S.) ne aap se Qul A'oozu Bi-Rabbil-Falaq kaha tha is liye aap ne bhi
aisa hi kaha, aur unhone Qul A'oozu Bi-Rabbil-Naas kaha tha is liye aap
ne bhi aisa hi kaha. Lihaza hum bhi isi tarah kehte hain jis tarah Huzoor ﷺ."
In dono riwayaton par ghour kijiye to maloom hoga
ke Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood ko dono suraton mein lafz Qul (kaho) dekh
kar yeh ghalat fehmi hui ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ko A'oozu Bi-Rabbil-Falaq aur A'oozu Bi-Rabbil-Naas
kehne ka hukm diya gaya tha. Lekin unhone Huzoor ﷺ se is ke mutaliq sawal karne ki
zarurat mehsoos na ki. Hazrat Ubay bin Ka'b ke zehan mein bhi is ke mutaliq
sawal paida hua aur unhone Huzoor ﷺ se is ko pooch liya. Huzoor ﷺ ne bataya ke Jabrail (A.S.) ne chunanche Qul kaha tha is
liye maine bhi Qul kaha."
Is baat ko yun samjhiye ke agar kisi ko hukm dena
maqsood ho aur usse kaha jaye ke "kaho ‘Main panah maangta hoon,'" to
wo hukm ki tameel mein yeh nahi kahega ke "kaho ‘Main panah maangta
hoon,'" balki wo "kaho" ka lafz saaqit karke "Main panah
maangta hoon" kahega. Agar yeh paighaam usay apne tak rakhne ke liye nahi,
balke doosron tak pohchane ke liye diya jaye, to wo logon tak paigham ke alfaaz
ko joon ka toon pohchayega, ismein se koi cheez saaqit karne ka majaz na hoga.
Pas, in dono suraton ki ibtida lafz Qul se
hona is baat ka sareeh saboot hai ke yeh kalaam-e-wahi hai, jise Huzoor ﷺ unhi alfaaz mein pohchane ke
paband the jin alfaaz mein yeh aap ko mila tha. Iski haisiyat sirf ek hukm ki
na thi jo Nabi ﷺ ko diya gaya ho. Quran Majeed mein in do suraton ke ilawa 330
ayatein aisi hain jo lafz Qul se shuru hui hain. In sab mein Qul
ka hona is baat ki alamat hai ke yeh kalaam-e-wahi hai jise unhi alfaaz mein
pohchana Huzoor ﷺ ke zimma farz tha.
Agar is maqam par aadmi kuch ghour kare to iski
samajh mein yeh baat achi tarah asakti hai ke sahaba kiram ko be-khata samajhna
aur unki kisi baat ke liye ghalat ka lafz sunte hi toheen-e-sahaba ka
shor macha dena kis qadr beja harkat hai. Yahan aap dekh rahe hain ke Hazrat
Abdullah bin Masood jaise jaleel-ul-qadr sahabi se Quran ki do suraton ke bare
mein kitni bari chook ho gayi. Aisi chook agar itne azeem martaba ke sahabi se
ho sakti hai to doosron se bhi koi chook ho jani mumkin hai. Hum ilmi tahqiqat
ke liye iski chhanbeen bhi kar sakte hain, aur kisi sahabi ko koi baat ya chand
baatein ghalat hon to unhein ghalat bhi keh sakte hain. Albata sakht zaalim
hoga wo shakhs jo ghalat ko ghalat kehne se aage barh kar un par zaban-e-tan
duraz kare.
Inhi Ma'oozatain ke mutaliq mufassireen aur
muhaddiseen ne Ibn Masood ki rai ko ghalat kaha hai, magar kisi ne yeh kehne ki
jurat nahi ki ke Quran ki do suraton ka inkaar karke ma'azallah wo kaafir ho
gaye the.
Huzoor ﷺ par Jaadu ka Asar
Dosra masla jo in suraton ke maamla mein paida hota
hai woh yeh hai ke riwayat ki ro se Huzoor ﷺ par jaadu kiya gaya tha, aur is ke asar se aap bemar hogaye
thay. Is asar ko door karne ke liye Jabrail (A.S.) ne aakar aap ﷺ ko yeh suratein parhne ki
hidaayat ki thi. Is par qadeem aur jadeed zamane ke bohot se aqliyat pasandon
ne aitraaz kiya hai ke yeh riwayat agar maan li jayein to shariat saari ki
saari mushtabah ho jati hai. Kyun ke agar Nabi par jaadu ka asar ho sakta tha,
aur in riwayat ki ro se ho gaya tha, to hum nahi keh sakte ke mukhalifeen ne
jaadu ke zor par Nabi se kya kya kehluwa aur karwa liya ho, aur is ki di hui
taleem mein kitni cheezein Khuda ki taraf se hon aur kitni jaadu ke
zair-e-asar. Yeh hi nahi balkay woh kehte hain ke is baat ko sach maan lene ke
baad to yeh bhi nahi kaha ja sakta ke jaadu hi ke zariye se Nabi ko nabuwat ke
daave par uksaya gaya ho aur Nabi ne ghalat fehmi mein mubtala ho kar yeh
samajh liya ho ke is ke paas farishta aaya hai. Unka istadlal yeh bhi hai ke
yeh ahadith Quran Majeed se mutasaadim hain. Quran mein to kuffar ka yeh ilzaam
bayan kiya gaya hai ke Nabi ek mashoor, ya'ni sehar-zada aadmi hai (يَقُول الظّٰلِمُونَ اِن تَتَّبِعُونَ اِلّا رَجُلاً مّسْحُوراً - Bani Israel 47), magar yeh ahadith kuffar ke ilzaam ki
tasdeeq karti hain ke waqai Nabi par sehar ka asar hua tha.
Is maslay ki tahqiqat ke liye zaroori hai ke sab se
pehle yeh dekha jaye ke kya darhaqeeqat mustanad tareekhi riwayat ki ro se yeh
sabit hai ke Rasool Allah ﷺ par jaadu ka asar hua tha? Aur agar hua tha to woh kya tha aur
kis had tak tha? Is ke baad yeh dekha jaye ke jo kuch tareekh se sabit hai us
par woh aitrazaat waqai bhi hotay hain ya nahi jo kiye gaye hain?
Quroon-e-Oola ke musalman ulama ki yeh intehai
raastbaazi thi ke unhon ne apne khayalat aur maz'oomat ke mutabiq tareekh ko
maskh karne ya haqaiq par parda daalne ki koi koshish nahi ki, balkay jo kuch
tareekhi tor par sabit tha usay joon ka toon baad ki naslon tak pohncha diya
aur is baat ki koi parwa nahi ki ke in haqaiq se agar koi ulte natayej nikalne
par uttar aaye to unka faraham karda yeh mawadd kis tarah is ke kaam aa sakta
hai. Ab agar ek baat nihayat mustanad aur kaseer tareekhi zaraaye se sabit ho
to kisi deyaat daar sahib-e-ilm ke liye na to yeh durust hai ke woh is tareekh
ka inkaar karde ke is ko maan lene se us ke nazdeek falan falan qabahtein paida
hoti hain, aur na yeh hi durust hai ke jitni baat tareekh se sabit hai us ko
qiyaasat ke ghoray dorha kar us ki asli had se phelaane aur barhane ki koshish
kare. Is ke bajaye is ka kaam yeh hai ke tareekh ko tareekh ki haisiyat se maan
le aur phir dekhe ke is se fi'l-waqai kya sabit hota hai aur kya nahi hota.
Jahan tak tareekhi haisiyat ka taluq hai Nabi ﷺ par jaadu ka asar hone ka waqia
qat'i tor par sabit hai aur ilmi tanqeed se is ko agar ghalat sabit kiya ja
sakta ho to phir duniya ka koi tareekhi waqia bhi sahi sabit nahi kiya ja
sakta. Isay Hazrat Ayesha (R.A.), Hazrat Zaid bin Arqam, aur Hazrat Abdullah
bin Abbas se Bukhari, Muslim, Nasai, Ibn Majah, Imam Ahmad, Abdul Razzaq,
Humaidi, Baihaqi, Tabarani, Ibn Sa'd, Ibn Marduyah, Ibn Abi Shaiba, Hakim,
Abdul bin Humaid waghera muhaddiseen ne itni mukhtalif aur kaseer al-aadaad
sanad se naql kiya hai ke is ka nafs-e-maddoon to tawaatur ki had ko pohncha
hua hai, agarche ek ek riwayat bajaye khud khabar-e-wahid hai. Is ki tafseelaat
jo riwayat mein aayi hain unhein hum majmooi tor par tamaam riwayaat se
murattab karke ek marboot waqia ki soorat mein yahan darj karte hain.
Sulh-e-Hudaybiyya ke baad jab Nabi ﷺ Madina wapas tashreef laaye to
Muharram 7 Hijri mein Khaibar se Yahudiyon ka ek wafd Madina aaya aur ek
mashhoor jadugar Labeed bin Asim se mila jo Ansar ke qabeela Bani Zuraiq se
taluq rakhta tha. In logon ne us se kaha ke Muhammad ﷺ ne hamare sath jo kuch kiya hai
woh tumhain maloom hai. Hum ne unpar bohot jaadu karne ki koshish ki, magar koi
kamiyabi nahi hui. Ab hum tumhare paas aaye hain, kyun ke tum hum se baray
jadugar ho. Lo, yeh teen ashrafiyan haazir hain, inhein qabool karo aur
Muhammad ﷺ par ek zor ka jaadu kar do.
Is zamanay mein Huzoor ﷺ ke ghar ek Yahudi larka khidmat
guzaar tha. Us se saz-baaz karke in logon ne Huzoor ﷺ ki kanghi ka ek tukra hasil
karliya jismein aap ke mooyay mubarak thay. Inhi balon aur kanghi ke dandanoon
par jaadu kiya gaya. Baaz riwayat mein yeh hai ke Labeed bin Asim ne khud jaadu
kiya tha, aur baaz mein yeh hai ke us ki behnein is se zyada jadugarnian theen,
un se us ne jaadu karwaya tha. Baharhal in dono sooraton mein jo soorat bhi ho,
is jaadu ko ek nar khajoor ke khosay ke ghilaaf mein rakh kar Labeed ne Bani
Zuraiq ke kunwen Zarwan ya Zi Arwan ki tah mein ek pathar ke neeche daba diya.
Is jadoo ka asar Huzoor ﷺ par hotay hotay pura ek saal
laga. Doosri shishmahi mein kuch tabdeeli-e-mizaj mehsoos hona shuru hui,
aakhri 40 din sakht guzray, aur in mein se bhi aakhri 3 din zyada sakht thay.
Magar is jadoo ka asar jo aap ﷺ par hua, us ka zyada se zyada itna hi tha ke aap ﷺ ko apne kaamon ke mutaliq kuch
galat fehmi ho jaati thi. Jaise ke kisi kaam ke bare mein aap ﷺ ko lagta ke woh kar liya hai,
magar asal mein nahi kiya hota. Apni azwaaj ke bare mein lagta ke aap un ke
paas gaye hain, magar asal mein nahi gaye hotay. Kabhi kabhi aap ﷺ apni nazar par shak karte ke koi
cheez dekhi hai magar asal mein nahi dekhi hoti thi.
Ye tamam asar sirf aap ﷺ ki zaati zindagi tak mehdood
rahe. Dusre logon ko yeh maaloom tak na ho saka ke aap ﷺ par kya guzar rahi hai. Reh gayi
aap ﷺ ki nabuwat ki haisiyat, to us
mein aap ﷺ ke farayz mein koi khalal waqay
nahi hua. Kisi bhi riwayat mein yeh nahi milta ke is daur mein aap ﷺ koi Qur'an ki ayat bhool gaye
hon, ya koi ayat ghalat parh di ho, ya apni sohbaton aur wa'azon mein aap ﷺ ki taleemat mein koi tabdeeli
aayi ho. Na kabhi aisa hua ke aap ﷺ ne koi aisa kalam wahy ke taur par pesh kar diya ho jo haqeeqat
mein aap ﷺ par naazil nahi hua tha. Na
kabhi namaz chhuti, aur na kabhi aap ﷺ ko samajh aya ke namaz parh li hai jab ke asal mein nahi parhi
hoti thi. Agar ma'azallah aisi koi baat hoti to dhum mach jaati, aur pura Arab
is se waqif ho jata ke jis Nabi ko koi taqat chitt nahi kar saki thi, usay ek
jadugar ke jadoo ne chitt kar diya.
Magar aap ﷺ ki nabuwat is asar se bilkul mutasir nahi hui, aur sirf zaati
zindagi mein aap ﷺ ne isay mehsoos kiya aur pareshani uthai. Aakhir ek din Huzoor ﷺ Hazrat Ayesha (R.A.) ke ghar
thay ke aap ﷺ ne baar baar Allah Ta'ala se dua
ki. Is halat mein aap ﷺ ko neend aa gayi ya ghunoodgi taari hui, aur phir bedaar ho kar
aap ﷺ ne Hazrat Ayesha (R.A.) se
farmaya ke maine jo apne Rab se poocha tha, us ne mujhe bata diya hai.
Hazrat Ayesha (R.A.) ne arz kiya, “Woh kya baat
hai?” Aap ﷺ ne farmaya, “Do aadmi (ya'ni
farishte do aadmiyon ki surat mein) mere paas aaye. Ek sarhaane tha aur doosra
paa'ointi ki taraf. Ek ne doosray se poocha, ‘Inhein kya hua hai?’ Doosray ne
jawab diya, ‘In par jadoo hua hai.’ Poocha, ‘Kis ne kiya hai?’ Jawab diya,
‘Labeed bin Asim ne.’ Poocha, ‘Kis cheez mein kiya hai?’ Jawab diya, ‘Kanghi
aur balon mein, ek nar khajoor ke khosay ke ghilaaf mein.’ Poocha, ‘Woh kahan
hai?’ Jawab diya, ‘Bani Zuraiq ke kunwen Zi Arwan (ya Zarwan) ke pathar ke
neeche hai.’ Poocha, ‘Ab is ke liye kya kiya jaye?’ Jawab diya, ‘Kunwen ka pani
soonat diya jaye aur phir pathar ke neeche se isay nikala jaye.’”
Is ke baad Nabi ﷺ ne Hazrat Ali, Hazrat Ammar bin Yasir, aur Hazrat Zubair (R.A.)
ko wahan bheja. Un ke sath Jubair bin Ayas aur Qais bin Muhsin bhi shamil ho
gaye. Baad mein Huzoor ﷺ khud bhi chand ashaab ke sath wahan tashreef le gaye. Kunwen ka
pani nikala gaya, aur woh ghilaaf baramad kiya gaya. Us mein kanghi aur balon
ke sath ek taant mein girahen lagi hui theen aur moom ka ek putla tha jismein
suiyaan chhobi hui theen.
Jab Jibreel (A.S.) aaye, to unhon ne Huzoor ﷺ ko mo'awwazatain (Surah Falaq
aur Surah Naas) parhne ko kaha. Aap ﷺ ek ek ayat parhte gaye, aur har ayat parhne ke sath ek ek girah
khulti gayi aur putlay mein se ek ek sui nikalti gayi. Jab aakhri ayat tak aap ﷺ pohnch gaye, to saari girahen
khul gayin, saari suiyaan nikal gayin, aur aap ﷺ jadoo ke asar se mukammal tor par mehfooz ho gaye jaise koi
banda bandha hua tha aur phir khul gaya.
Is ke baad Huzoor ﷺ ne Labeed ko bulaya aur us se poochh taachh ki. Us ne apna
kasoor maan liya, magar Huzoor ﷺ ne usay maaf kar diya kyun ke aap ﷺ ne apni zaat ke liye kabhi kisi
se inteqaam nahi liya. Aap ﷺ ne is maamlay ka churcha karne se bhi inkaar kar diya, yeh
kehte hue, “Mujhe Allah ne shifa di hai, ab main nahi chahta ke logon ko kisi
ke khilaf bharkaon.”
Yeh hai saara
qissa is jadoo ka. Is mein koi cheez aisi nahi hai jo aap ke mansab-e-nabuwat
mein qadah ho. Zaati haisiyat se agar aap ko zakhmi kiya ja sakta tha jaisa ke
jang-e-Uhad mein hua, agar aap ghoday se gir kar chot kha sakte thay, jaisa ke
Ahadith se sabit hai, agar aap ko bichoo kaat sakta tha, jaisa ke kuch aur
Ahadith mein warid hua hai, aur in mein se koi cheez bhi is tahaffuz ke munafi
nahi hai jiska Nabi hone ki haisiyat se Allah ne aap se wada kiya tha, to aap
apni zaati haisiyat mein jadoo ke asar se bemar bhi ho sakte thay. Nabi par
jadoo ka asar ho sakta hai, yeh baat to Qur'an Majeed se bhi sabit hai. Surah
A’raaf mein Firaun ke jadugaron ke mutaliq bayan hua hai ke Hazrat Musa ke
muqable mein jab woh aaye to unhon ne hazarha aadmiyon ke is poore majma ki
nigaahon par jadoo kar diya jo wahan dono ka muqabla dekhne ke liye jama hua
tha (Saharu a'yuna al-nasi - Ayat 116). Aur Surah Taha mein hai ke jo laathiyan
aur rassiay unhon ne phainki thein, un ke mutaliq aam logon hi ne nahi, Hazrat
Musa ne bhi yeh samjha ke woh un ki taraf saanpon ki tarah dorh rahi hain aur
is se Hazrat Musa khauf zadah ho gaye, yahaan tak ke Allah Ta’ala ne unpar wahi
naazil ki ke khauf na karo tum hi ghalib raho ge, zara apna asa phenk do (Fa
iza hibalu-hum wa 'asaai-hum yukhaillu ilayhi min sihrihim annaha tas’a. Fa
aujasa fi nafsihi khifa-ta Moosa. Qulna la takhaf innaka anta ala’la. Wa alqi
ma fi yaminik. Ayat 66-69).
Raha yeh
aitraaz ke yeh to kuffar-e-Makkah ke is ilzam ki tasdeeq ho gayi ke Nabi ﷺ ko woh sehrzada aadmi kehte thay, to iska
jawab yeh hai ke kuffar aap ko sehrzada aadmi is ma’ni mein nahi kehte thay ke
aap kisi jadugar ke asar se bemar ho gaye hain, balki is ma’ni mein kehte thay
ke kisi jadugar ne ma’azallah aap ko pagal kar diya hai aur isi pagalpan mein
aap ne nabuwat ka dawa kar diya hai aur jannat o dozakh ke afsaanay suna rahe
hain. Ab zahir hai ke yeh aitraaz aise maamla par siray se chaspaan hi nahi
hota jiske mutaliq tareekh se yeh sabit hai ke jadoo ka asar sirf
zaat-e-Muhammad ﷺ par hua tha, nabuwat-e-Muhammad ﷺ is se bilkul ghair mutasir rahi.
Is silsile
mein yeh baat bhi qaabil-e-zikr hai ke jo log jadoo ko sirf auham ke qabeel ki
cheez qarar dete hain unki yeh rai sirf is wajah se hai ke jadoo ke asarat ki
koi scientific taujeeh nahi ki jaa sakti. Lekin duniya mein bohat si cheezen
aisi hain jo tajribe aur mushahide mein aati hain, magar scientific tareeqe se
yeh bayan nahi kiya jaa sakta ke woh kaise ronuma hoti hain. Is tarah ki
taujeeh par agar hum qadir nahi hain to is se yeh lazim nahi aata ke is cheez
ka hi inkaar kar diya jaye jiske hum taujeeh nahi kar sakte. Jadoo darasal ek
nafsiyati asar hai jismein nafs se guzar kar jism ko bhi usi tarah mutasir
karta hai jis tarah jismani asraat jism se guzar kar nafs ko mutasir karte
hain. Misaal ke taur par khauf ek nafsiyati cheez hai, magar iska asar jism par
yeh hota hai ke rongtay kharay ho jaate hain aur badan mein thar thari chhoot
jaati hai. Darasal jadoo se haqeeqat tabdeel nahi hoti, magar insaan ka nafs
aur us ke hawas is se mutasir hokar yeh mehsoos karne lagte hain ke haqeeqat
tabdeel ho gayi hai. Hazrat Musa (A.S.) ki taraf jadugaron ne jo laathiyan aur
rassiay phainki thein woh waqai saanp nahi ban gayi thein, lekin hazaron ke
majma ki aankhon par aisa jadoo huwa ke sab ne unhein saanp hi mehsoos kiya,
aur Hazrat Musa tak ke hawas jadoo ki is ta’seer se mehfooz na reh sake. Isi
tarah Qur’an (al-Baqarah, Ayat 102) mein bayan kiya gaya hai ke Babil mein
Harut aur Marut se log aisa jadoo seekhte thay jo shohar aur biwi mein judaai
daal day. Yeh bhi ek nafsiyati asar tha, aur zahir hai ke agar tajribe se logon
ko is amal ki kaamyabi maaloom na hoti to woh is ke khareedaar na bante. Bila
shuba yeh baat apni jagah bilkul durust hai ke bandook ki goli aur hawai jahaaz
se girne wale bum ki tarah jadoo ka mo’asser hona bhi Allah ke izn ke baghair
mumkin nahi hai, magar jo cheez hazar ha saal se insaan ke tajribe aur
mushahide mein aa rahi ho uske wujood ko jhutla dena sirf aik hat dharmi hai.
Islam Mein Jhaad
Phoonk Ki Haisiyat
Teesra masla
in suraton ke maamlay mein yeh paida hota hai ke aaya jhaad phoonk ki Islam
mein koi gunjaish hai? Aur yeh ke jhaad phoonk bajaye khud mo’asser bhi hai ya
nahi? Yeh sawal is liye paida hota hai ke baksurat saheeh ahadith mein yeh zikr
aaya hai ke Rasool Allah ﷺ har raat ko sote waqt,
aur khaas tor par bemari ki haalat mein mu’awwazatain, ya baaz riwayat ke
mutabiq mu’awwazat (ya’ni Qul huwa Allah aur mu’awwazatain) teen martaba parh
kar apne dono haathon mein phoonkte aur sar se lekar paon tak poore jism par,
jahan jahan tak bhi aap ke haath pohnch sakte, unhein phera karte thay. Aakhri
bemari mein jab aap ke liye khud aisa karna mumkin na raha to Hazrat Aisha ne
yeh suratein (bator khud ya Huzoor ﷺ ke hukm se) parhin aur aap ke
dast-e-mubarak ki barakat ke khayal se aap hi ke haath lekar aap ke jism par
phera.
Is maamlay
mein pehle masla-e-shara’i achi tarah samajh lena chahiye. Ahadith mein Hazrat
Abdullah bin Abbas ki taweel riwayat aayi hai jiske aakhri mein Huzoor ﷺ farmatay hain ke meri ummat ke woh log bila-hisaab jannat mein
daakhil honge jo na daagne ka ilaaj karatay hain, na jhaad phoonk karatay hain,
na faal letay hain, balki apne Rab par tawakkul karte hain (Muslim). Hazrat
Mughira bin Shuba ki riwayat hai ke Huzoor ﷺ ne farmaya jis ne daagne se ilaaj karaya
aur jhaad phoonk karayi, woh Allah par tawakkul se be-talluq ho gaya
(Tirmidhi). Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood ki riwayat hai ke Rasool Allah ﷺ das cheezon ko na-pasand farmaate thay jin
mein se ek jhaad phoonk bhi hai siwa’e mu’awwazatain ya mu’awwazat ke (Abu
Dawood, Ahmed, Nasai, Ibn Hiban, Hakim). Baaz ahadith se yeh bhi maaloom hota
hai ke ibtida mein Huzoor ﷺ ne jhaad phoonk se
bilkul mana farma diya tha, lekin baad mein is shart ke sath iski ijazat de di ke
ismein shirk na ho, Allah ke paak naamon ya uske kalaam se jhaada jaye, kalaam
aisa ho jo samajh mein aaye aur yeh maaloom kiya ja sake ke ismein koi gunaah
ki cheez nahi hai, aur bharosa jhaad phoonk par na kiya jaye ke woh bajaye khud
shifa dene wali hai, balki Allah par a’timad kiya jaye ke woh chahega to isay
naafi bana dega.
Yeh
masla-e-sharai waazeh ho jaane ke baad ab dekhiye ke ahadith is bare mein kya
kehti hain:
Ahadith
ka zikar
Tabarani ne “Sagheer” mein Hazrat Ali ki riwayat naql ki hai ke Huzoor ﷺ ko aik martaba namaz ki haalat mein
bichhoo ne kaat liya. Jab aap ﷺ namaz se farigh hue to
farmaya, “Bichhoo par Allah ki laanat ho, yeh na kisi namaazi ko chhorta hai na
kisi aur ko.” Phir pani aur namak mangaaya, aur jahan bichhoo ne kaata tha,
wahan aap ﷺ namkeen pani malte gaye aur “Qul ya
ayyuhal kafiroon, Qul huwa Allahu ahad, Qul a'oozu bi rabbil falaq, aur Qul
a'oozu bi rabbil naas” parhte rahe.
Ibn Abbas ki
yeh riwayat bhi ahadith mein aayi hai ke Nabi ﷺ Hazrat Hasan aur Hazrat Hussain par yeh
dua parhte thay:
"U'eedhukuma
bi kalimaat Allah it-taammah min kulli shaitaanin wa haammatin wa min kulli
'aynin laammah"
(“Main tumhein Allah ke be-aib kalimaat ki panaah mein deta hoon, har shaitaan
aur mozi se, aur har buri nazar se”) (Bukhari, Musnad Ahmed, Tirmidhi, aur Ibn
Majah).
Usman bin Abi
Al-Aas Al-Thaqafi ke mutaliq Muslim, Muwatta, Tabarani aur Hakim mein thoday
lafzi ikhtilaf ke sath yeh riwayat aayi hai ke unhon ne Rasool Allah ﷺ se shikayat ki ke jab se main musalman hua
hoon mujhe ek dard mehsoos hota hai jo mujhe maar daalta hai. Aap ﷺ ne farmaya apna seedha haath us jagah par
rakho jahan dard hota hai, phir teen martaba “Bismillah” kaho aur saath martaba
yeh kehte hue haath phero:
"A'oozu
bi 'izzatillah wa qudratihi min sharri ma ajidu wa uhaaziru"
(“Main Allah ki izzat aur qudrat ki panaah maangta hoon us cheez ke shar se jo
main mehsoos karta hoon aur jiske laahiq hone ka mujhe khauf hai”). Muwatta
mein is par yeh izafa hai ke Usman bin Abi Al-Aas ne kaha ke is ke baad mera
dard chala gaya, aur isi cheez ki taleem apne ghar walon ko deta hoon.
Musnad Ahmed aur
Tahawi mein Talq bin Ali ki riwayat hai ke mujhe Rasool Allah ﷺ ki mojoodgi mein bichhoo ne kaat liya.
Huzoor ﷺ ne mujh par parh kar phoonka aur us jagah
par haath phera.
Muslim mein
Abu Saeed Khudri ki riwayat hai ke aik martaba Nabi ﷺ bemaar hue to Jabrail ne aakar poocha,
“Aey Muhammad, kya aap bemaar ho gaye?” Aap ﷺ ne farmaya, “Haan.” Unhon ne kaha:
"Bismillah
arqeek min kulli shay’in yu’zeek, min sharri kulli nafsin aw 'aynin haasidin,
Allahu yashfeek, bismillah arqeek"
(“Main Allah ke naam par aap ko jhaarta hoon har us cheez se jo aap ko aziyat
pohnchati hai, har nafs aur hasad karne wali nazar ke shar se, Allah aap ko
shifa de, main Allah ke naam par aap ko jhaarta hoon”).
Isi se milti
julti riwayat Musnad Ahmed mein Hazrat Ubadah bin Saamit se manqool hai ke
Huzoor ﷺ bemaar thay. Main ayaadat ke liye gaya to
aap ko sakht takleef mein paaya. Shaam ko gaya to aap bilkul tandurust thay.
Main ne itni jaldi tandurust hone ki wajah poochhi to farmaya ke Jabrail aaye
thay aur unhon ne mujhe chand kalimaat se jhaada. Phir aap ﷺ ne qareeb qareeb wahi alfaaz sunaye jo
upar wali hadees mein naql kiye gaye hain. Hazrat Ayesha se bhi Muslim aur
Musnad Ahmed mein aisi hi riwayat naql ki gayi hai.
Imam
Ahmed
ne apni Musnad mein Hazrat Hafsa Ummul Momineen ki riwayat naql ki hai ke aik
roz Nabi ﷺ mere yahan aaye aur mere paas ek khatoon
Shifa (1) [Yeh khatoon ka asal naam Leila tha, magar Shifa bint Abdullah ke
naam se mashhoor thein. Hijrat se pehle iman layi thein. Quraysh ke khandan
Bani Adi se unka ta’alluq tha. Yeh wahi khandan hai jis ke ek fard Hazrat Umar
thein. Is tarah yeh Hazrat Hafsa ki rishtedaar hoti thein.]
naam ki baithi thein jo namla (dubab) ko jhaada karti thein. Huzoor ﷺ ne farmaya, “Hafsa ko bhi yeh amal sikha
do."
Muslim mein
Auf bin Malik Ashja'i ki riwayat hai ke jahiliyat ke zamane mein hum log jhaad
phoonk kiya karte the. Hum ne Rasool Allah ﷺ se poocha ke is maamle mein Huzoor ﷺ ki raya kya hai. Huzoor ﷺ ne farmaya, "Jin cheezon se tum
jhaadtay thay, woh mere samne pesh karo. Jhaadne mein koi muzaiqa nahi jab tak
is mein shirk na ho."
Muslim,
Musnad Ahmed aur Ibn Majah mein Hazrat Jabir bin Abdullah ki riwayat hai ke
Rasool Allah ﷺ ne jhaad phoonk se rok diya tha. Phir
Hazrat Umar bin Hazm ke khandan ke log aaye aur kaha ke "Hamara paas ek
amal tha jis se hum bichhoo (ya saanp) katay ko jhaadtay thay, magar aap ne is
kaam se mana farma diya hai." Phir unhon ne woh cheez sunai jo woh parhte
thay. Aap ﷺ ne farmaya, “Is mein to koi muzaiqa nahi
paata, tum mein se jo shakhs apne kisi bhai ko faida pohncha sakta hai, woh
zaroor pohnchaye."
Jabir bin
Abdullah ki doosri hadees Muslim mein yeh hai ke Aal Hazm ke paas saanp katay
ka amal tha aur Huzoor ﷺ ne unko is ki ijazat de di. Is ki taeed
Muslim, Musnad Ahmed, aur Ibn Majah mein Hazrat Ayesha ki yeh riwayat bhi karti
hai ke Huzoor ﷺ ne Ansaar ke ek khandan ko har zahreelay
janwar ke katay ko jhaadne ki ijazat marhoom farmaayi. Musnad Ahmed aur
Tirmidhi aur Muslim aur Ibn Majah mein Hazrat Anas se bhi is se milti julti
riwayaat naql ki gayi hain jin mein Huzoor ﷺ ne zahreelay janwaron ke katay, aur dubab
ke marz aur nazar bad ke jhaadne ki ijazat di.
Musnad Ahmed,
Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah aur Hakim ne Hazrat Umair Mola Abi Al-Naham se yeh riwayat
naql ki hai ke jahiliyat ke zamane mein mere paas ek amal tha jis se main
jhaada karta tha. Main ne Rasool Allah ﷺ ke samne isse pesh kiya. Aap ﷺ ne farmaya, "Falan falan cheezein is
mein se nikaal do, baqi se tum jhaad sakte ho."
Muwatta mein
hai ke Hazrat Abu Bakr apni sahibzadi Hazrat Ayesha ke ghar tashreef le gaye to
dekha ke woh bemaar hain aur ek Yahoodia unhein jhaad rahi hai. Is par unhon ne
farmaya, "Kitaab Allah parh kar jhaad." Is se maloom hota hai ke
Ahl-e-Kitaab agar Taurat ya Injeel ki ayat parh kar jhaadein tab bhi yeh jaaiz
hai.
Raha yeh
sawal ke aaya jhaad phoonk mufeed bhi hai ya nahi, to iska jawab yeh hai ke
Rasool Allah ﷺ ne dawa aur ilaaj se na sirf yeh ke kabhi
mana nahi farmaya, balki khud farmaya ke "Har marz ki dawa Allah ne paida
ki hai aur tum log dawa kya karo." Huzoor ﷺ ne khud logon ko baaz amraaz ke ilaaj
bataye hain, jaisa ke ahadith mein "Kitaab al-Tibb" ko dekhne se
maloom ho sakta hai. Lekin dawa bhi Allah hi ke hukum aur izn se naafi hoti
hai, warna agar dawa aur tibi ilaaj har haal mein naafi hota to aspatalon mein
koi na marta. Ab agar dawa aur ilaaj karne ke sath Allah ke kalam aur us ke
Asmaaye Husna se bhi istifaada kiya jaye, ya aisi jagah jahan koi tibi imdaad
mayassar na ho, Allah hi ki taraf rujoo karke us ke kalam aur Asma wa Sifaat se
ista'anat ki jaye, to yeh maada paraston ke siwa kisi ki aqal ke bhi khilaf
nahi hai.
(1) [Maada
parast duniya ke bhi bohat se doctoron ne i'tiraaf kiya hai ke dua aur rujoo
ila Allah mareezon ki shifa yaabi mein bohat kaargar cheez hai. Aur iska khud
mujhe zaati tor par apni zindagi mein do martaba tajriba hua hai. 1948 mein jab
mujhe nazar band kiya gaya to chand roz baad ek pathri mere masanay mein aakar
ad gayi aur 16 ghante tak pishaab band raha. Main ne Allah Ta'ala se dua ki ke
"Main zalimon se ilaaj ki darkhwast nahi karna chahta, tu hi mera ilaaj
farma de." Chunaacha woh pathri pishaab ke raste se hat gayi aur 20 baras
tak hatti rahi yahaan tak ke 1968 mein us ne phir takleef di aur usko operation
karke nikala gaya. Doosri martaba jab 1953 mein mujhe giraftar kiya gaya to meri
dono pindliyaan kai mahine se daad ki sakht takleef mein mubtala thein, kisi
ilaaj se aaraam nahi aa raha tha. Giraftari ke baad main Allah Ta'ala se phir
wohi dua ki jo 1948 mein ki thi aur kisi ilaaj aur dawa ke baghair pindliyaan
daad se bilkul saaf ho gayin. Aaj tak phir kabhi woh bimari mujhe nahi hui.]
Albatta yeh
sahi nahi hai ke dawa aur ilaaj ko, jahan woh mayassar ho, jaan bujh kar chhod
diya jaye, aur sirf jhaad phoonk se kaam lene par iqtifa kiya jaye, aur kuch
log amaliyat aur taweezon ke matab khol kar baith jayein aur isi ko kamai ka
zariya bana lein.
Is maamle
mein bohat se log Hazrat Abu Saeed Khudri ki is riwayat se istadlaal karte hain
jo Bukhari, Muslim, Tirmidhi, Musnad Ahmed, Abu Dawood aur Ibn Majah mein
manqool hui hai aur is ki taeed Bukhari mein Ibn Abbas ki bhi ek riwayat karti
hai. Is mein yeh bayan hua ke Huzoor ﷺ ne ek muhim par apne chand ashaab ko bheja
jin mein Hazrat Abu Saeed Khudri bhi thay. Yeh hazraat rasta mein Arab ke ek
qabeele ki basti par jaa kar thahre aur unhon ne qabeele walon se kaha ke
hamari maizbani karo. Unhon ne inkaar kar diya. Itne mein qabeele ke sardar ko
bichhoo ne kaat liya aur woh log in musafiron ke paas aaye aur kaha ke tumhare
paas koi dawa ya amal hai jis se tum hamare sardar ka ilaaj kar do? Hazrat Abu
Saeed ne kaha "Hai to sahi, magar chunanche tumne hamari maizbani se
inkaar kiya hai isliye jab tak tum kuch dena na karo, hum iska ilaaj nahi
karenge." Unhon ne bakriyon ka ek riywar (baaz riwayaat mein hai ke 30
bakriyan) dene ka wada kiya aur Hazrat Abu Saeed ne jaa kar is par Surah Fatiha
parhni shuru ki aur lu'ab e dahan is par malte gaye. Aakhir kaar bichhoo ka
asar zail ho gaya aur qabeele walon ne jitni bakriyan dene ka wada kiya tha woh
la kar de di. Magar in hazraat ne aapas mein kaha in bakriyon se koi faida na
uthao jab tak Rasool Allah ﷺ se pooch na liya jaye,
na maloom is kaam par ajr lena jaaiz hai ya nahi. Chunanche yeh log Huzoor ﷺ ki khidmat mein haazir hue aur maajra arz
kiya. Huzoor ﷺ ne hans kar farmaya "Tumhein kaise
maloom hua ke yeh Surah jhaadne ke kaam bhi aa sakti hai? Bakriyan le lo aur in
mein mera hissa bhi lagao."
Lekin is
hadees se taweez, gande aur jhaad phoonk ke matab chalanay ka jawaaz nikalne se
pehle Arab ke in halaat ko nigah mein rakhna chahiye jin mein Hazrat Abu Saeed
Khudri ne yeh kaam kiya tha aur Huzoor ﷺ ne isse na sirf jaaiz rakha tha, balki yeh
bhi farmaya tha ke mera hissa bhi lagao, taake iske jawaaz wa adam jawaaz ke
maamle mein in ashaab ke dilon mein koi shakk baaqi na rahe. Arab ke halaat us
zamane mein bhi yeh the aur aaj tak yeh ke 50-50, 100-100, dedh-dedh so meel
tak aadmi ko ek basti se chal kar doosri basti nahi milti. Bastiyaan bhi us
waqt aisi nahi theen jin mein hotel, saraye ya khanay ki dukaanein mojood hoti,
aur musafir kai kai roz ki masafat tay karke jab wahan pohnchte to
samaan-e-khordanosh khareed sakte. In halaat mein yeh baat Arab ke maroof
usool-e-akhlaq mein shaamil thi ke musafir jab kisi basti par pohnchein to
basti ke log unki maizbani karein. Is se inkaar ke ma'ni bas aukaath musafiron
ke liye maut ke hote the, aur Arab mein is tarz-e-amal ko maqrooh samjha jata
tha. Isi liye Rasool Allah ﷺ ne apne sahaba ke is
amal ko jaaiz rakha ke jab qabeele walon ne maizbani se inkaar kar diya tha to
unke sardar ka ilaaj karne se unhon ne bhi inkaar kar diya, aur is shart par
iska ilaaj karne par razi hue ke woh unhein kuch denge.
Phir jab in mein se ek shakhs ne Allah ke bharose
par Surah Fatiha us sardar par parhi aur woh is se acha ho gaya, to tay shuda
ajrat qabeele walon ne la kar de di, aur Huzoor ﷺ ne is ajrat ko halal o tayyab
qarar diya. Bukhari mein is waqiye ke mutaliq Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas ki jo
riwayat hai, usmein Huzoor ﷺ ke alfaaz yeh hain: “Inna ahaqqa maa akhaztum ‘alayhi ajran
kitaabullah”, yaani bajaye is ke ke tum koi aur amal karte, tumhare liye
yeh zyada barhaq baat thi ke tumne Allah ki kitab parh kar us par ajrat li.
Yeh aap ﷺ ne isliye farmaya ke doosre tamam amaliyaat se Allah ka kalaam
barhkar hai, ilaawa barreen is tarah Arab ke is qabeele par haq-e-tableegh bhi
ada ho gaya ke unhein is kalaam ki barkat maloom ho gayi jo Allah ki taraf se
Nabi ﷺ laye hain. Is waqiye ko un logon
ke liye nazeer qarar nahi diya ja sakta jo shahron aur qasbon mein baith kar
jhaad phoonk ke matab chalate hain aur isi ko unhone wasila-e-ma'ash bana rakha
hai. Is ki koi nazeer Nabi Kareem ﷺ ya sahaba, tabeein aur aima-e-salaf ke haan nahi milti.
Surah
Fatiha aur in suraton ki munasibat
Aakhri cheez jo Mu’awwizatain ke baare mein qabil-e-tawajju hai woh Quran ke
aaghaz aur ikhtitam ki munasibat hai. Agarche Quran Majeed tarteeb-e-nuzool par
murattab nahi kiya gaya hai, magar 23 saal ke doran mein mukhtalif haalaat aur
moqay aur zaruriyat ke lehaaz se nazil hone wali aayaat aur suraton ko Rasool
Allah ﷺ ne batore khud nahi balke un ke nazil
karne walay Khuda ke hukum se is shakal mein murattab farmaya jis mein hum ab
isko paate hain. Is tarteeb ke lehaaz se Quran ka aaghaz Surah Fatiha se hota
hai aur ikhtitam Mu’awwizatain par. Ab zara dono par ek nigaah daaliye. Aaghaz
mein Allah Rabb-ul-alameen, Rahman o Raheem, aur Maalik-e-Youm-ud-Deen ki
hamd-o-sana kar ke banda arz karta hai ke aap hi ki main bandagi karta hoon aur
aap hi se madad chahta hoon, aur sab se barri madad jo mujhe darkaar hai woh
yeh hai ke mujhe seedha raasta bataiye. Jawab mein Allah Ta'ala ki taraf se
seedha raasta dikhane ke liye isay poora Quran diya jata hai, aur is ko khatam
is baat par kiya jata hai ke banda Allah Ta'ala se jo Rabb-ul-falaq,
Rabb-un-naas, Malik-un-naas aur Ilah-un-naas hai, arz karta hai ke main har
makhlooq ke har fitne aur shar se mehfooz rehne ke liye aap hi ki panaah
maangta hoon, kyun ke raah-e-raast ki paerawi mein wahi sab se zyada maani
hotay hain. Is aaghaz ke sath yeh ikhtitam jo munasibat rakhta hai woh kisi
sahib-e-nazar se posheeda nahi reh sakti.
An-Naas
Allah ke naam se jo Rehman o
Raheem hai.
1: Kaho, main
panah maangta hoon Insano ke Rubb.
2: Insano ke baadshah.
3: Insano ke haqiqi maabood ki. 1
1
Tafheem-ul-Quran
Mufassir:
Maulana Syed Abul A'la Maududi
Surah
Number 114 An-Naas
Aayat
Number 3
Tafseer:
Surah
An-Naas 1
Yahan bhi Surah Falaq ki tarah "A'oozu Billah" kehne ke bajaye Allah
Ta'ala ko uski teen sifaat se yaad kar ke uski panaah maangne ki talqeen ki
gayi hai. Ek, uska "Rabb-un-naas," yani tamaam insaano ka
parwardigaar, murabbi aur maalik-o-aqa hona. Doosra, uska "Malik-un-naas,"
yani tamaam insaano ka baadshah aur hukmaran o farmanrawa hona. Teesra, uska
"Ilah-un-naas," yani insaano ka haqeeqi mabood hona. (Yahan yeh baat
wazeh rehni chahiye ke "Ilah" ka lafz Quran Majeed mein do ma'non
mein istemal hua hai. Ek, woh shai ya shakhs jisko ibadat ka koi istehqaq na
pohanchta ho magar amalan uski ibadat ki ja rahi ho. Doosra, woh jisay ibadat
ka haq hai aur jo haqeeqat mein mabood hai, khwa log uski ibadat kar rahe hon
ya na kar rahe hon. Allah ke liye jahan yeh lafz istemal hua hai, yeh isi
doosray ma'ni mein hua hai). In teen sifaat se ista’aazah ka matlab yeh hua ke
main us Khuda ki panaah maangta hoon jo insano ka Rabb, Baadshah, aur Mabood
honay ki haisiyat se unpar kaamil iqtidaar rakhta hai, jo apne bandon ki
hifazat par poori tarah qaadir hai, aur jo waqayi is shar se insano ko bacha
sakta hai jis se khud bachne aur doosray insano ko bachane ke liye main uski
panaah maang raha hoon. Yeh hi nahi balki chunanche wohi Rabb, Baadshah aur
Ilah hai, is liye uske siwa aur koi hai hi nahi jis se main panaah maangoon aur
jo haqeeqat mein panaah de bhi sakta ho.
4: Us waswasa dalne wale ke shar se
jo baar baar palat kar aata hai. 2
2
Tafheem-ul-Quran
Mufassir:
Maulana Syed Abul A'la Maududi
Surah
Number 114 An-Naas
Aayat
Number 4
Tafseer:
Surah
An-Naas 2
Asal mein "waswaas idh-khannaas" ke alfaaz istemal huay hain. Waswaas
ke ma’ni hain baar baar waswasa daalne wala. Aur waswasa ke ma’ni hain
pae dar pae aisay tareeqay ya tareeqon se kisi ke dil mein koi buri baat daalna
ke jis ke dil mein woh daali ja rahi ho usay yeh mehsoos na ho ke waswasa
andaaz uske dil mein ek buri baat daal raha hai. Waswasa ke lafz mein
khud takraar ka mafhoom shaamil hai, jaise zal zala mein harkat ki takraar ka
mafhoom shaamil hai. Chunancha insaan sirf ek dafa behkane se nahi behakta
balke usay behkane ki pae dar pae koshish karni hoti hai, is liye aisi koshish
ko waswasa
aur koshish karne wale ko waswaas kaha jata hai. Raha lafz khannaas,
toh yeh khunus
se hai jis ke ma'ni zaahir hone ke baad chhupne ya aane ke baad peeche hat
jaane ke hain, aur khannaas chunanche mubaligha ka sigha hai is liye is
ke ma'ni yeh fi’l bakasrat karne wale ke hue. Ab yeh zaahir baat hai ke waswasa
daalne wale ko baar baar waswasa andaazi ke liye aadmi ke paas aana padta hai,
aur sath sath jab usay khannaas bhi kaha gaya toh dono alfaaz ke milne se
khud bakhud yeh mafhoom paida ho gaya ke waswasa daal daal kar woh peeche hat
jaata hai aur phir pae dar pae waswasa andaazi ke liye palat kar aata hai.
Bil-alfaz-e-deegar ek martaba waswasa andaazi ki koshish jab nakaam hoti hai
toh woh chala jaata hai, phir wohi koshish karne ke liye dobara, seh bara aur
baar baar aata rehta hai.
Waswaas
idh-khannaas ka matlab samajh lene ke baad ab is baat par ghour karna chahiye
ke iske shar se panaah maangne ka matlab kya hai? Is ka ek matlab toh yeh hai
ke panaah maangne wala khud iske shar se khuda ki panaah maangta hai, yani is
shar se ke woh kahin iske apne dil mein koi waswasa na daal de. Doosra matlab
yeh hai ke Allah ke raste ki taraf dawat dene wale ke khilaf jo shakhs bhi
logon ke dilon mein waswase daalta phire uske shar se daai-e-haq khuda ki
panaah maangta hai. Daai-e-ilal-haq ke bas ka yeh kaam nahi hai ke uski zaat ke
khilaf jin jin logon ke dilon mein waswase daale ja rahe hon un sab tak khud
pohonche aur ek ek shakhs ki ghalat fehmiyon ko saaf kare. Iske liye yeh bhi
munaasib nahi hai ke apni dawat-ilallah ka kaam chhor chhaad kar waswasa
andaazon ki paida karda ghalat fehmiyon ko saaf karne aur unke ilzamaat ki
jawab dehi karne mein lag jaaye. Iske maqam se yeh baat bhi farohtar hai ke jis
satah par uske mukhaleefin utare huye hain usi par khud bhi utar aaye. Isliye
Allah Ta’ala ne dawat-e-haq dene wale ko hidaayat farmaayi ke aisay ashraar ke
shar se bas khuda ki panaah maang le aur phir befikri ke sath apni dawat ke
kaam mein laga rahe. Iske baad in se nimatna tera kaam nahi balke Rabb-un-Naas,
Malik-un-Naas
aur Ilah-un-Naas
ka kaam hai.
Is maqam par
yeh bhi samajh lena chahiye ke waswasa amal-e-shar ka nuqta-e-aaghaz hai. Woh jab ek
ghaafil ya khaali uz-zahan aadmi ke andar asar andaz ho jaata hai toh pehle is
mein burayi ki khwahish paida hoti hai. Phir mazeed waswasa andaazi is buri
khwahish ko buri niyat aur buray iraaday mein tabdeel kar deti hai. Phir is se
aage jab waswase ki taseer barhti hai toh iraada azm ban jaata hai aur aakhri
qadam par phir amal-e-shar hai. Isliye waswasa andaaz ke shar se khuda ki
panaah maangne ka matlab yeh hai ke shar ka aaghaz jis maqam se hota hai Allah
Ta’ala usi maqam par is ka qila qama farma day.
Doosray lehaaz
se agar dekha jaaye toh waswasa andaazon ke shar ki tarteeb yeh nazar aati hai
ke pehle woh khulay khulay kufr, shirk, dahriyat, ya Allah aur Rasool se
baghaawat aur Allah walon ki adawat par uksate hain. Is mein nakaami ho aur
aadmi deen Allah mein daakhil hi ho jaaye toh woh isay kisi na kisi bid’at ki
raah samjhate hain. Yeh bhi na ho sake toh ma’siyat ki raghbat dilate hain. Is
mein bhi kaamiabi na ho sake toh aadmi ke dil mein yeh khayal daalte hain ke
chhotay chhotay gunah kar lene mein toh koi muzaiqa nahi taa ke yeh hi agar
kasrat se saadir ho jaayein toh gunahon ka baar azeem insaan par lad jaaye. Is
se bhi agar aadmi bach nikle toh badarjah aakhir woh koshish karte hain ke
aadmi deen-e-haq ko bas apne aap tak hi mehsoor rakhe, isay ghaalib karne ki
fikr na kare. Lekin agar koi shakhs in tamaam chaalon ko nakaam kar de toh phir
shayateen jin o ins ki poori party aisay aadmi par pal parti hai, iske khilaaf
logon ko uksati aur bharakati hai, is par gaaliyon aur ilzamaat ki bochhaar
karati hai, isay har taraf badnaam aur ruswa karne ki koshish karti hai. Phir
shaytan is mard-e-momin ko aakar gussa dilata hai aur kehta hai ke yeh sab kuch
bardasht kar lena toh barri buz-dili ki baat hai, uth aur in hamla awaroon se
bhar ja. Yeh shaytan ka aakhri harba hai jis se woh dawat-e-haq ki raah khoti
karane aur daai-e-haq ko raah ke kanton se uljha dene ki koshish karta hai. Is
se bhi agar daai-e-haq bach nikle toh shaytan iske aagay bebas ho jaata hai.
Yeh hi woh cheez hai jis ke mutalliq Quran Majeed mein irshaad hota hai:
"Wa-imma yanzaghannaka min-ash-shaytaan-i-nazghun fasta'idh-billah."
"Aur agar shaytaan ki taraf se tumhain koi uksaahat mehsoos ho toh Allah
ki panaah maango." (Al-A'raf 200, Ha Mim Sajda 36) "Wa qul Rabbi
a'oozu bika min hamazaat-ish-shayateen." "Kaho, mere Parwardigaar
main shayateen ki uksaahatoun se teri panaah maangta hoon." (Al-Mu’minun
97) "Innal-lazeena-ttaqaw iza massahum taaa’ifum min-ash-shaytaani
tazakkaroo fa-izaa hum mubsiroon." "Jo log parheizgaar hain unka haal
yeh hota hai ke kabhi shaytaan ke asar se koi bura khayal unhain choo bhi jaaye
toh woh foran chonk jaate hain aur phir unhein (saheeh raasta) saaf nazar aane
lagta hai." (Al-A’raf 201) Aur isi bunyaad par jo log shaytaan ke is
aakhri harbay se bach nikle unke baare mein Allah Ta’ala ka irshaad hai:
"Wa ma yulaqqaha illa zuu hazzin 'azeem." "Yeh cheez baray
naseebay walay ke siwa kisi ko hasil nahi hoti." (Ha Mim Sajda 35)
Is silsilay
mein ek baat aur bhi nigaah mein rehni chahiye. Woh yeh ke insaan ke dil mein
waswasa andaazi sirf bahar se shayateen jin o ins hi nahi karte balke andar se
khud insaan ka apna nafs bhi karta hai. Iske apne ghalat nazaryaat uski aql ko
gumraah karte hain. Iski apni najaiz aghraaz o khwahishaat uski
quwwat-e-tameez, quwwat-e-iradah aur quwwat-e-faislah ko badraah karti hain.
Aur bahar ke shayateen hi nahi, insaan ke andar iske apne nafs ka shaytaan bhi
isay behkata hai. Yeh hi baat hai jo Quran mein ek jagah farmaayi gayi hai:
"Wa na’lamu ma tuwaswisu bihi nafsuhu." (Q, 16) "Aur hum uske
apne nafs se ubharne walay waswason ko jaante hain." Isi bunyaad par
Rasool Allah ﷺ ne apne mashhoor khutba-e-masnoona mein
farmaaya hai: "Na'oozu billah min sharuri anfusina." "Hum Allah
ki panaah maangte hain apne nafs ki shararaton se."
5:Jo logon ke dilon mein waswase daalta hai
6: khwa woh jinno mein se ho ya Insano mein se. 3
3
Tafheem-ul-Quran
Mufassir: Maulana Syed Abul A'la Maududi
Surah Number 114 An-Naas
Aayat Number 6
Tafseer:
Surah An-Naas 3
Baaz ahl-e-ilm ke nazdeek in alfaaz ka matlab yeh hai ke waswasa daalne wala do
qism ke logon ke dilo'n mein waswasa daalta hai, ek jin, doosray insaan. Is
baat ko agar tasleem kiya jaaye toh lafz naas ka itlaq jin aur insaan
dono par hoga. Woh kehte hain aisa ho sakta hai, kyun ke Quran mein jab rijaal
(mardon) ka lafz jinon ke liye istemal hua hai, jaise ke Surah Jinn Aayat 6
mein hum dekhte hain, aur jab nafar ka istemal jinon ke groh par ho
sakta hai jaise ke Surah Ahqaaf Aayat 29 mein hua hai, toh majaazan naas
ke lafz mein bhi insaan aur jin dono shaamil ho sakte hain. Lekin yeh raa’i is
liye ghalat hai ke naas aur ins aur insaan ke alfaaz
lughat hi ke aitbaar se lafz jin ki zid hain. Jin ke asal ma’ni posheeda
makhlooq ke hain aur jin ko jin isi bunyaad par kaha jata hai ke woh insaani
aankh se makhfi hai. Iske baraks naas aur ins ke alfaaz insaan ke
liye bole hi is bunyaad par jaate hain ke woh zaahir aur maree aur mehsoos hai.
Surah Qasas Aayat 29 mein hai aanaasa min jaanib-it-toor — Yahan aanaasa
ke ma'ni raa'a hain, yani Hazrat Musa ne "Koh-e-Toor ke kinaaray
aag dekhi". Surah Nisa Aayat 6 mein hai fa in aanaastum minhum rushdan
— "Agar tum mehsoos karo ke yateem bachay ab hoshmand ho gaye hain."
Yahan aanaastum ke ma'ni ahsas ya raa'itum hain. Pas naas
ka itlaq lughat-e-arab ki ro se jinon par nahi ho sakta, aur aayat ke saheeh
ma'ni yeh hain ke "is waswasa andaaz ke shar se jo insaano'n ke dilo'n
mein waswase daalta hai, khwah woh jinon mein se ho ya khud insaano'n mein
se." Yani doosray alfaaz mein waswasa andaazi ka kaam shayateen jin bhi
karte hain aur shayateen ins bhi, aur dono ke shar se panaah maangne ki is
surah mein talqeen ki gayi hai. Is ma'ni ki taa’eed Quran se bhi hoti hai aur
hadees se bhi. Quran mein farmaaya:
Wa kazaalika ja’alna likulli nabiyyin ‘aduwwan shayaateen-al-insi wal-jinni
yoohi ba’duhum ila ba’din zukhrufal qawli ghuroora (Al-An’aam 112)
"Aur isi tarah hum ne har nabi ke liye shaytan jinon aur shaytan insano'n
ko dushman banaya hai jo ek doosray par khush-aayand baatein dhokay aur fareb
ke tor par ilqa karte hain."
Aur hadees mein Imam Ahmad, Nisai aur Ibn-e-Hibban
Hazrat Abu Zar ki riwaayat naql karte hain ke main Nabi ﷺ ki khidmat mein haazir hua. Aap
masjid mein tashreef farma thay. Farmaaya: Abu Zar tum ne namaz parhi?
Maine arz kiya, Nahi. Farmaaya: Utho aur namaz parho. Chunanche
maine namaz parhi aur phir aakar baith gaya. Huzoor ne farmaya: Ya Aba Zar,
ta’awwaz billah min sharri shayateen-il-insi wal-jinni. "Ae Abu Zar,
shayateen-e-ins aur shayateen-e-jin ke shar se Allah ki panaah maango."
Maine arz kiya: Ya Rasool Allah, kya insaano’n mein bhi shaytan hote hain?
Farmaaya: Haan.
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